History of Istanbul - Stone age (6500 BC) to Today

Etiya Res

Apr 24 1128 read

HISTORY OF ISTANBUL

Magnificent Istanbul, Glorious History

No one can be indifferent to Istanbul. 7 Hill, the sea that runs through it, the Golden Horn, which is a natural port, has been a unique and unique city throughout history. The history of Istanbul is also rich befitting the glory of the city.

Establishment of the City
From more establishment legends, The Story is impressive: Byzas, who set off from Megara in Greece, wants to build a new city. He goes and consults the Oracle of Delphi about the location. The Oracle says he will build his city â€œacross the Land of the Blind.â€ As Byzas wandered around confused, looking at Khalkedon (KadÄ±kÃ¶y) from today's Sarayburnu, he said, â€œWhy did these blind people build their city in that barren place when there was this beautiful place?" he thinks. And you can think of the words of the Oracle of Delphi. He figured out where to set up Istanbul.

Name of Istanbul
The name Istanbul was not put in the city by the Ottomans as it is thought. More old. 9. in the century FÃ¼tuh'Ã¼ÅŸ-Åžam it is mentioned as a human name in the work. Istanbul, the son of the Greek Meliki TimaoÅŸ, worked for the construction of the city during his four-year reign. But Constantine, who replaced the city, completes it and puts his name on it. 10. the century book is mentioned as Istinbolin in Tenbih (Mesudi).

There are many other information about the name of Istanbul, some of which are contradictory to each other. In addition, Istanbul has been referred to by tens of names such as Byzantion, Constantinople, Constantinople, Constantinople, Asitane, DarÃ¼lhilafeh, Dersaadet for thousands of years.

Prehistory and Byzantion period
The history of Istanbul goes back three hundred thousand years. It is thought that Neolithic and Chalcolithic people lived in the vicinity of KÃ¼Ã§Ã¼kÃ§ekmece Lake. Tools specific to the Lower Paleolithic Age near Dudullu and Middle Paleolithic and Upper Paleolithic Age near AÄŸaÃ§lÄ± were found. In 2008, during the excavations of the Marmaray tube Passage, The Remains of the polished stone age (6500 BC), The Copper Age (5500-3500 BC), and the Phoenicians were found in KadÄ±kÃ¶y during the excavations at Fikirtepe on the Anatolian side.

Byzantion was founded in 667 BC, when King Byzas, whose legend we described above, ruled. When the Roman Empire dominated the city, the city was briefly named Augusta Antonina by Septimius Severus. Emperor I. In the time of Constantine, the city was declared the capital of the Roman Empire. At this time the name of the city, which was changed to Nova Roma, is adopted. And in 337, Emperor I. With the death of Constantine, it is turned into Constantinople.

The period of the Byzantine Empire
Between 324 - 1453. In this period, Istanbul became the administrative center of the east of Rome. In this period; The city has expanded and developed in every respect with a new architectural structure.

In addition to a 100,000-person hippodrome (Sultanahmet Square), harbors and water facilities were built. Konstantin, who founded the largest cathedral in the world, Hagia Sophia in 360; Thus, he changed the religion of the Roman Empire to Christianity, and the first break with the West, who believed in Pagan Roman religion, was in this period. The Byzantine Empire begins with the death of Theodosius I. When Western Rome collapsed in 476, the majority of the Romans in the Western Roman Empire migrated here. And so the capital of the Byzantine Empire becomes Istanbul. The plague epidemic in 543 kills half the population. Emperor Justinian reconstructs the city. Istanbul, which was attacked many times, was looted in the 4th Crusade in 1204 and made into debris. The period of the Latins ends in 1261. Byzantine, which gradually became smaller after this period; was started to be surrounded by the Ottoman Empire after 1391.

The period of the Ottoman Empire
The legend conquest took place on May 29, 1453. This date also defines the end of the Middle Ages. In the Ottoman period, Istanbul developed rapidly. Hundreds of palaces, bazaars, mosques, schools and baths have been opened, and Istanbul has become one of the largest cities in the world, where Jews, Christians and Muslims live in harmony in 50 years.

It has become a modern city with many innovations such as a bridge over the Golden Horn, tunnel to KarakÃ¶y, railways, maritime transportation in the city, the establishment of municipal organizations and hospitals. Occupied by the Entente States in 1918

Republican era
The 2500-year period of the capital of Istanbul, together with the Republic, ends on 29 October 1923. However, from this date, it will surely move towards becoming the most populous, economically and culturally active city in the world.

Istanbul, which with its young population has enjoyed much of its share of the modernization adventure of Turkey, has become an integrated city in many areas of the world today. Qualified labor force, culture and entertainment tourism is the first metropolis that comes to mind.

Today, Istanbul has a total of 39 districts. 25 of these districts are on the European side and 14 are on the Anatolian side. With a population of 14,160,467 people, it is also one of the largest metropolises in the world in terms of Economics and population.